UREA:-
As the world population has increased the demand for food has increased. The world population was 3.5 billions in 1965'.By 2025,it will reach 10 billions. Many people are hungry. Crop take nutrients from the soil,and these must be replaced before the next crop is sown.Fertilizers are the compounds which are put in soil to provide elements essential for plants life.They are added to the soil to make up the deficiency caused by the previous crops.Fertilizers are classified into two categories:
⊙1)Natural Fertilizers:-
Those fertilizers obtain from plants and animal wastes.
⊙2)Synthetic Fertilizers:-
Those fertilizers which are produced in industry e.g urea,ammonium sulphate, ammonium phosphate, super phosphate and di- ammonium phosphate. Urea is one of the widely used fertilizer because of the following qualities:
☞1)Percentage of nitrogen is highest among all the synthetic nitrogen fertilizers i.e. 46 °/. .
☞2)It does not affect the texture of the soil.
☞3)In the soil it hydrolysis quickly to ammonium carbamate which eventually changes into NH3 which decomposes into N2 and H2.Nitrogen is the main constituent of proteins;it is required by the stems and leaves during the early stages of the plant development. It imparts green colour to the leaves and
increases the yield and quality of the Crop.
⊙Raw Materials: -
The raw Materials for the manufacture of urea are:
Manufacturing of urea consists of following steps.
▷1)Ammonia (NH3)
▷2)Carbon dioxide (CO2)
☞1)Reaction between NH3 and CO2 to form ammonium carbamate.
2NH3 + CO2 → NH2COONH4
As the world population has increased the demand for food has increased. The world population was 3.5 billions in 1965'.By 2025,it will reach 10 billions. Many people are hungry. Crop take nutrients from the soil,and these must be replaced before the next crop is sown.Fertilizers are the compounds which are put in soil to provide elements essential for plants life.They are added to the soil to make up the deficiency caused by the previous crops.Fertilizers are classified into two categories:
⊙1)Natural Fertilizers:-
Those fertilizers obtain from plants and animal wastes.
⊙2)Synthetic Fertilizers:-
Those fertilizers which are produced in industry e.g urea,ammonium sulphate, ammonium phosphate, super phosphate and di- ammonium phosphate. Urea is one of the widely used fertilizer because of the following qualities:
☞1)Percentage of nitrogen is highest among all the synthetic nitrogen fertilizers i.e. 46 °/. .
☞2)It does not affect the texture of the soil.
☞3)In the soil it hydrolysis quickly to ammonium carbamate which eventually changes into NH3 which decomposes into N2 and H2.Nitrogen is the main constituent of proteins;it is required by the stems and leaves during the early stages of the plant development. It imparts green colour to the leaves and
increases the yield and quality of the Crop.
⊙Raw Materials: -
The raw Materials for the manufacture of urea are:
Manufacturing of urea consists of following steps.
▷1)Ammonia (NH3)
▷2)Carbon dioxide (CO2)
☞1)Reaction between NH3 and CO2 to form ammonium carbamate.
2NH3 + CO2 → NH2COONH4
☞2)Distillation of ammonium carbonate.
NH2COONH4 → NH2-C-NH2+H2O
UREA ♩♩
O
☞3)Evaporation of liquid urea and its granulation.
The urea solution is concentrated in vacuum evaporator, which is then rapidly cooled and sent to the prilling tower. Urea small particles thus produced are packed and then marketed.
NH2COONH4 → NH2-C-NH2+H2O
UREA ♩♩
O
☞3)Evaporation of liquid urea and its granulation.
The urea solution is concentrated in vacuum evaporator, which is then rapidly cooled and sent to the prilling tower. Urea small particles thus produced are packed and then marketed.
■The flow sheet diagram for urea is made by me which will help you understand the manufacturing process easily.
No comments:
Post a Comment